6-12 Core Course Catalog

A student can enroll in any single semester course as long as the prerequisites have been met.

Full year course = 1.0 credit
Semester course = 0.5 credit

Math

(Full year - two semesters) Applied Mathematics covers the fundamental mathematics necessary for students to obtain a broad range of skills. Although problems in this course apply to a variety of topics from Algebra to Geometry, emphasis is given to real-world applications. Students write and solve linear equations to represent situations such as the value of a car or the distance that a plane travels during a trip.

(Full year - two semesters) In Business Mathematics, students discover a variety of basic mathematical concepts and tools for real-word mathematical application including algebraic equations, formulas, operations using fractions, decimals, and percentages.

(Full year - two semesters) In Consumer Mathematics, students learn mathematical concepts that they will use in their daily lives. They focus on real-world topics that require addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers, as well as fractions, decimals, ratios, proportions, and percentages.

(Full year - two semesters) In Algebra I, students explore roots, function patterns, graphs, equations, and inequalities. They will also transform and compare functions. Students will describe and translate graphic, algebraic, numeric, and verbal representations of relations and use those relationships to solve problems.

(Full year - two semesters) In Algebra II, students analyze situations verbally, numerically, graphically, and symbolically. Students solve equations and inequalities. They extend their knowledge of algebraic expressions, absolute value, functions, and graphs.

(Full year - two semesters) Calculus evaluates higher-level mathematics through analytical/algebraic, numerical, graphical, and verbal methods. Students study various components of mathematics, including the investigation of trigonometric functions, probability, and series.

(Full year - two semesters) In Geometry, students explore the relationships that exist within geometric figures, such as triangles, circles, and quadrilaterals. Students analyze the relationships and use mathematical postulates and theorems to write proofs. The explored relationships are also used to solve mathematical and real-world problems and to perform geometric constructions.

(Full year - two semesters) Mathematics 6 introduces students to rational numbers and explores the concept of absolute value. Students work with ratios and rates to analyze relationships, and they connect these concepts to percents. Students also apply all four operations to decimal numbers, using the concepts to solve real-world application problems.

(Full year - two semesters) Students in Mathematics 7 begin their journey on the pathway to developing a strong mathematics framework. They hone their arithmetic skills in this course, preparing them for more difficult and detailed calculations.

(Full year - two semesters) Mathematics 8 prepares students for more difficult mathematics courses by exposing students to foundational arithmetic concepts. Students in this course examine the elements of geometry by being introduced to angles, lines, and points. Students apply this knowledge to graphs using coordinate planes and by completing calculations between two points’ distances.

(Full year - two semesters) Pre-Algebra, students explore concepts such as integers, expressions, equations, and fractions. This course provides students with a solid foundation for Algebra I and emphasizes the use of technology, problem solving, critical thinking, and reasoning.

(Full year - two semesters) In Pre-Calculus, students develop a deeper and more thorough understanding of functions and graphs. Graphs that students study range from polynomial and rational to exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric. Some exponential and logarithmic topics discussed in this course are change of base formulas, properties of logs, growth and decay, and logistic growth models.

(One semester) Students enrolled in Probability and Statistics build a strong foundation in calculating probabilities and evaluating statistics. The Probability and Statistics curriculum is designed to cover a half year of instruction but can be completed at each student’s own pace. Students enrolled in the course explore representation of statistical data, working with scatter plots, analyzing statistical data using properties and theorems, and more.

(One semester) Trigonometry is offered for students who want to continue a rigorous study of mathematics. The course begins by reviewing the real number system, characteristics of functions, and solving equations. Topics from right-triangle trigonometry lead to an indepth study of the unit circle and trigonometric functions, their graphs, and their inverses.

Social Sciences

The 1960s America course gives students a look at life during this exciting and monumental decade. This course covers the social, political, and cultural movements and changes that occurred in the 1960s.

African American History is a survey course that spans the history of America, including ancient African society and culture through the presidency of Barack Obama. Students examine the African American struggle to secure their constitutional rights.

In Psychology, students explore the science of explaining and controlling human behavior. Psychology plays an integral part in everyday life because all decisions, relations, and emotions are closely tied to behavior and genetics. Within this course, students look at behavior, and they consider prominent psychologists who have made impressive and monumental discoveries through testing, research projects, and proving theories.

In the Sociology course, students explore the various topics and sociological terminology necessary for understanding and exploring the field. Students investigate major sociological perspectives and the famous sociologists who invented and contributed to them.

(Full year - two semesters) Ancient History enables students to explore the cultures of ancient civilizations throughout the world. They discover each civilization's contributions to art, music, literature, education, religion, science, technology, government, and philosophy.

(Full year - two semesters) Civics and Government offers students an introduction to the foundation of the democratic government of the U.S. and the basic principles of the judicial system. In this course, students explore what it means to be a citizen, as well as the structure of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the U.S. government.

(Full year - two semesters) Economics presents an overview of microeconomics and macroeconomics. It discusses economic theories, economic systems, various economic concepts, and the global economy.

(Full year - two semesters) Middle School Civics and Government introduces students to the basic principles of the democratic government of the United States. Students examine the structure of legislation, including the numerous branches of government and the roles that each branch plays governing the nation.

(Full year - two semesters)Students learn to study the Earth’s landscape in Middle School Geography. In this course, students learn that geography extends beyond physical structures by exploring geographical facets such as regions, ethnicities, and trade routes, in addition to landforms.

(Full year - two semesters) Middle School U.S. History explores the history of the United States from before the arrival of Europeans in North America to the events of the 2016 presidential election. Students begin the course by examining North America before the arrival of European explorers and the establishment of colonies.

(Full year - two semesters) Middle School U.S. History to 1877 encompasses the discovery of North America by European explorers, colonization, the Revolutionary War, and the Civil War. Students will begin the course by learning about Native American tribes that existed in North America before the arrival of European explorers and colonization.

(Full year - two semesters) Middle School World History enables students to explore significant events, people, and places from prehistoric to modern times. Studying world history allows students to consider the historical relevance of people, places, and events.

(Full year - two semesters) In U.S. History I, students will explore United States history from the European settlement of North America through Reconstruction. Students investigate North America's colonization, the transition from British colonies to an independent United States, and the Civil War and reunification.

(Full year - two semesters) In U.S. History II, students will explore United States history from the postReconstruction era to the present. This course allows students to investigate the expansion of the United States' economy, government, culture, and foreign policy. Students will analyze cultural movements and influential legislation.

(Full year - two semesters) World Cultures explains global geography, history, and culture to students. In this course, students study the major political powers of each era and discover how the world's earliest civilizations developed through the Age of Exploration to the Industrial Revolution.

(Full year - two semesters) In World Geography, students explore the principles and tools of geography while examining the world as geographers. Students gain cultural perspectives by exploring the physical and human geographic aspects of each continent and its regions.

(Full year - two semesters) World History allows students to investigate significant events, people, and places from prehistoric to modern times. Studying world history allows students to consider the historical relevance of people, places, and events.

Visual and Performing Arts

(One semester) Art 6 encourages students to collaborate to create art. Students investigate how art can be personally significant while learning to be open to new artistic ideas, materials, methods, and creative approaches. In this course, students also explore the ways in which art equipment and materials can affect the environment.

(One semester) In Art 7, students transition from exploratory art discovery to a more discipline-based approach. This new approach focuses on developing students’ skills and techniques as well as content knowledge, while still allowing for exploration and individuality.

(One semester) In Art 8, students are introduced to design elements and principles, as well as contemporary art-making processes. In addition, students will explore the act of conceptual thinking.

(Full year - two semesters) In Art and Visual Culture, students analyze and interpret artwork created by others, examine the concepts of aesthetics and art criticism, and explore the practical application of art in a variety of careers.

(Full year - two semesters) In Art Appreciation, students explore visual art from the ancient world to the present day. Students investigate various topics such as the mysteries surrounding Stonehenge, the lives of famous Renaissance artists, the way celebrities influenced the Pop Art movement, and the reasons why public memorials are created.

(Full year - two semesters) The Introduction to Computer Programming course, a course for middle school students, provides a foundation for future programming courses. Students gain a broad overview of computer programming by exploring the logic, thought processes, and basic elements of writing code. As part of this exploration, students examine various programming languages, databases, and the Internet.

(One semester) In Music 6, students express ideas and creativity through music. Students apply music terminology to different instrument groups and learn to read music. Additionally, students discuss different forms of music and popular songs within Western and worldwide music.

(One semester) In Music 7, students explore the history, development, and attributes of American music. They will learn music theory and music reading skills, which are presented and reinforced within the context of historical musical works.

(One semester) In Music 8, students are introduced to a variety of music genres and instruments. They explore the concepts of rhythm, melody, timbre, texture, dynamics, form, and rhythm, and they learn to sight read music.

(Full year - two semesters) Music Appreciation stimulates personal growth when listening to music by exposing the student to a large variety of music with provided listening maps indicating applicable music terminology. Students will be able to explain personal music preference, and identify how music is impacted by technology, social values, and daily life of the composers.

(One semester) Theatre I invites students to explore the history of theatre and the basic elements of stage production. The course highlights the technology used to create early and modern stage productions and the basic fundamentals of acting. Theatre I provides students with a look at production elements such as stage lighting, sound, costume, and makeup.

Physical Education / Health

(One semester) In Health, students discover how to make conscientious decisions when attempting to improve their overall health and wellness. From healthy lifestyles, diets, and exercise to responsibilities within individual families and larger communities, topics within the health discipline are pertinent and applicable to all students.

(One semester) Middle School Health introduces students to the dimensions of health and explains how students' decisions, along with various influences, affect their health and well-being. Students will learn about positive and negative peer pressure and how to apply the decision-making process to help them make safe, informed choices.

(One semester) In Middle School Nutrition and Personal Fitness, students explore nutrition, dietary needs, and physical fitness. With a foundation in nutrition principles and practices, students read food labels and identify food safety concerns.

(One semester) Nutrition and Personal Fitness helps students to recognize the impacts that nutritional choices and personal fitness play within their lives. Students learn practical ways to control their health through nutrition, exercise, and stress management. Students discover that physical fitness will help them to feel good.

(One semester) Physical Education 10 offers a complete physical education experience for students. The course, which includes a mix of health-related information and physical fitness activities, focuses on teaching students how to live both healthy and active lives.

(One semester) Physical Education 11 provides students with a complete physical education course, which includes a mix of nutrition-related insight to physical fitness activities. Students begin by learning about the requirement of supervised, physical activity and how to document their activity in a PE Log.

(One semester) Physical Education 12 delivers a comprehensive physical education experience for students. They receive a mix of instruction on nutrition and physical activities, in addition to information that will help them make better, more health-conscious decisions. The course will guide them in leading a more fit and active lifestyle.

(One semester) Physical Education 6 provides a complete physical education experience, allowing students to learn the basics of living a healthy life and the benefits of being active as often as possible. Students begin by learning about the organized, supervised physical activity required for the course. T

(One semester) Physical Education 7 offers a comprehensive physical education course for students to assist them in creating a healthy lifestyle and living an active life. Students begin by learning about the required, supervised physical activity and how to document their activity in a PE Log. Students can also track their activity by using a physical fitness step tracker.

(One semester) Physical Education 8 offers a complete physical education experience for students, helping them learn about and implement healthy habits. Whether it is through nutrition, exercise, or general life choices, students are educated on the multiple facets of creating a healthy lifestyle.

(One semester) Physical Education 9 provides a comprehensive physical education course for students, focusing on teaching them how to live both healthy and active lives. Whether it is with nutrition, exercise, or general life choices, students are educated on the multiple facets of creating a healthy lifestyle.

Science

(One semester) Anatomy and Physiology allows students to discover the fascinating dynamics of the human body. Students begin by exploring the history of anatomy, essential anatomical terminology, and the hierarchical organization of the human body. Next, students are introduced to basic biochemistry and cellular processes, which includes a virtual tour of the cell.

(Full year - two semesters) In Astronomy, students begin by discussing basic astronomical concepts and discoveries throughout history. They take an in-depth look at the first moments of the universe by studying the Big Bang. From there, they investigate the evolution of the universe, beginning with the first atoms and moving on to explore elements, stars, solar systems, and galaxies.

(Full year - two semesters) Biology covers a wide range of concepts in the field of biology. They are introduced to the concept of cell structure and function, and investigate Mendelian genetics and how humans inherit traits.

(Full year - two semesters) Chemistry takes students on a journey with Elena Gilbert, a crime scene investigation intern, who applies the fundamentals of chemistry to CheMYSTERY crime scene investigations at the conclusion of each topic. The journey begins with an exploration of scientific practices, laboratory safety guidelines, and measurement skills.

(Full year - two semesters) In Earth Science, students discover the theories about how Earth first formed. They explore Earth’s history and the different geologic processes that continually take effect and help to shape the planet.

(One semester) Environmental Science introduces students to the scientific method, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, biomes of the world, trophic interactions, and nutrient and chemical cycles. Students analyze the human impact on the environment and ways to reduce negative consequences.

(Full year - two semesters) In Middle School Earth and Space Science, students study the planet Earth and the extensive solar system structure in which it resides. They evaluate Earth’s climate and its weather patterns and changes, and they learn about life science and how chemistry and physics play a role in Earth’s major processes.

(Full year - two semesters) Middle School Life Science introduces students to an integrated approach to physical and life sciences. Students study science concepts and problem solving while exploring the many aspects of the living and nonliving world around them. Students review numerous cycles of life and study their impact on animal, plant, and human life.

(Full year - two semesters) Middle School Physical Science introduces students to the foundational concepts of both physics and chemistry. Students begin by studying topics related to the nature of science and engineering, where they gain the skills necessary to succeed in inquirybased and engineering labs.

(Full year - two semesters) Physical Science are introduced to the principles of chemistry and physics so that they may develop a better understanding of atoms, chemical reactions, and nuclear interactions. Students explore the properties and states of matter and investigate chemical bonds and reactions.

(Full year - two semesters) Students enrolled in Physics advance their knowledge and understanding of concepts in previous general science courses. In this course, students examine classical mechanics while learning to calculate concepts in one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and circular motion. Students explore work and energy in addition to the concepts of waves, sound, light, optics, and electromagnetism.

(Full year - two semesters) Science 6 takes students on a journey that incorporates life science, Earth and space science, and physical science concepts. Students begin by studying topics related to the nature of science and engineering, and they gain the skills necessary to succeed in investigations and engineering labs within the course.

(Full year - two semesters) Science 7 integrates life science, Earth and space science, and physical science, while incorporating both engineering and scientific methods. In this course, students explore the ways in which humans have an impact on Earth's ecosystems and resources.

(Full year - two semesters) Science 8 combines the subjects of life science, Earth and space science, and physical science, while incorporating both engineering and scientific methods. Students further their knowledge of the interactions of matter, learning about the properties of the periodic table and how reactions occur.

The Introduction to Computer Programming course, a course for middle school students, provides a foundation for future programming courses. Students gain a broad overview of computer programming by exploring the logic, thought processes, and basic elements of writing code. As part of this exploration, students examine various programming languages, databases, and the Internet.

Introduction to Engineering provides students with an overview of the field of engineering and the primary processes and procedures used by engineers. Students explore engineering careers and their impacts on society, and they learn how mathematics and science are used in the field of engineering. They examine different engineering disciplines, the engineering design process, and various engineering styles and methods used in the field.

Students enrolled in Forensic Science will develop a better understanding of the reality of forensic science, which is often contradicted by the fictional forensic science portrayed in entertainment. Students begin by exploring the history and background of forensic science. They discover several forensic science disciplines, such as pathology, anthropology, toxicology, serology, entomology, and odontology.

Fundamentals of Ecology allows students to explore the ways in which organisms interact with their surrounding environments. Students will investigate ecological principles, such as natural selection, population and population dynamics, biodiversity, and the sustainability of ecosystems.

English / Language Arts

In Communications, students explore various aspects of communication. They will investigate the foundations of communication by analyzing, applying, and designing creative works essential to the professional communications industry.

African American Literature is a survey course that spans the history of America as it relates to the lives of African Americans. Students explore the forcible transport of individuals from Africa to America, the publication of narratives of enslaved men and women, the abolition of slavery under President Lincoln, the civil rights movement, and the presidency of Barack Obama.

Creative Writing is a course in which students discover, analyze, and apply the methods and styles used in various forms of fiction, creative nonfiction, drama, and poetry. It emphasizes experimentation and practice, and it encourages students to take cues from published writers and poets.

In the Debate course, students learn crucial debate terminology, speech strategies, and persuasive techniques. Students investigate rhetoric and learn to consider multiple and divergent perspectives. Throughout this course, students develop the skills necessary to execute a well-versed and effectively supported argument.

Students enrolled in English Grammar explore basic, intermediate, and advanced concepts of grammar, language, style, and composition. By analyzing word meaning and function, students will generate content using appropriate grammatical expressions.

Introduction to College Writing prepares students to create freshman writing pieces as they move toward their post-secondary education. In this course, they learn the skills necessary to build a solid foundation for basic college writing as they focus on informative and persuasive writing. Students practice organization, tone, and style in their work to ensure that they are well-rounded and skilled writers.

(Full year - two semesters) In English Language Arts 10, students focus on literature, grammar, and composition. They examine words and their meanings and apply this information to other concepts in the course. Students analyze the different elements of a story, including plot, setting, character, narrator, and voice.

(Full year - two semesters) In American Literature, students explore various cultural periods of American literature. They examine numerous aspects of Romanticism, literature from multiple historical eras of the United States, and contributions made by significant American leaders.

(Full year - two semesters) British Literature provides students with a survey of literature in this genre. Students explore the Anglo-Saxon and medieval eras, the English Renaissance, and the Restoration and Enlightenment periods.

(Full year - two semesters) English Language Arts 6 introduces and builds the fundamental skills of English language arts, including reading, writing, speaking, listening, and using language. This course helps transition students from an elementary setting to the middle school learning environment. Students explore a variety of texts from a range of time periods, literary genres, and writers.

(Full year - two semesters) English Language Arts 7 extends beyond the five fundamental English language arts skills of reading, writing, speaking, listening, and understanding language. This course exposes students to a variety of texts from a range of time periods, literary genres, and writers. From classic texts to contemporary creative writers and Evan-Moor pieces, students analyze fiction and nonfiction literature, examining and interpreting multiple literary devices within a single piece.

(Full year - two semesters) English Language Arts 8 introduces students to literature and informational texts. Through lessons on the literary elements, the structure of texts, and the basics of grammar and composition, students apply analytical thinking skills to the works that they read.

(Full year - two semesters) English Language Arts 9 utilizes works of fiction and nonfiction from classic to modern times to introduce students to key literary elements. Students develop skills in literary analysis and interpretation by reading and examining plot, setting, character, narrator, voice, tone, mood, symbolism, irony, and other literary elements.

Short Stories exposes students to the basic characteristics, writing style, and literary elements of a story. From characters, point of view, and setting to techniques such as suspense and irony, students learn how short stories provide readers with the opportunity to experience different storylines in a precise and defined format.

Written-communication skills and professional documentation are central to the Technical Writing course. This course enables students to analyze a variety of realworld documents and allows them to perfect their technical writing abilities. Students encounter numerous types of technical writing, including journal writing, email drafting, persuasive writing, memo creation, letter drafting, and marketing and advertising, allowing them to build upon their own technical writing skills and knowledge.

World and Cultural Mythology is the perfect course for students looking for an interactive way to learn about mythology and myths from around the world. The course focuses on different dynamics of myths and analyzes aspects of myths found in different cultures.

In World Literature, students explore a wide variety of literary styles, artists, and mediums from cultures and societies around the globe. Students analyze different forms of writing, including fiction and nonfiction, and they evaluate how authors from different areas, religious backgrounds, genders, and cultures use the written word to express thoughts and opinions and tell poignant stories.

World Languages

(Full year - two semesters) French I is an introductory course designed for students who have little or no previous knowledge of the French language and culture. This course will allow students to acquire the tools necessary for communication and comprehension of the French language.

(Full year - two semesters) In French II, students review and refine the foundational vocabulary, grammar, and communication skills built in French I. In addition to building intermediate French concepts and skills, students review the present tense of regular and irregular verbs, the passé composé with avoir and être, and adjective agreement and placement.

(Full year - two semesters) In French III, students continue their study of the French language and francophone cultures. In this course, learners strengthen their communication skills through listening, reading, speaking, and writing in French. They broaden their vocabulary, grammar, communication skills, and cultural competency through exploring a variety of media, including literary and journalistic texts as well as audio, audiovisual, and interactive resources.

(Full year - two semesters) In German I, students are introduced to the basic and fundamental skills necessary for expressing common ideas in the German language. They learn to state daily activities and how to have an introductory conversation. These concepts build in theme and scope, allowing students to explore topics including daily activities, travel, needs, desires, and preferences in typical and increasingly complex situations.

(Full year - two semesters) German II provides students with a comprehensive introduction to nouns, verbs, and previously learned concepts. Students learn different types of verbs and their conjugations in different grammatical tenses, such as the conversational past, simple past, present, present perfect, and future. Students examine the case systems extensively, practicing one of the most challenging aspects of German grammar: verbs with accusative, dative, and genitive prepositions.

(Full year - two semesters) In German III, students continue their study of the German language and popular German culture. Students use larger vocabulary terms and explore a variety of literary texts that include the structures and vocabulary that they are learning. In this course, students study vocabulary, grammar, and culture in context through authentic literary and journalistic texts, putting these items into practice through written and spoken tasks.

(Full year - two semesters) Mandarin Chinese I is an introductory course to Modern Standard Chinese, which includes the spoken language, Mandarin, and the written language of simplified characters. Students recognize and apply vocabulary in Pinyin and Chinese characters in the context of common themes.

(Full year - two semesters) In Mandarin Chinese II, students develop their communication skills through listening, reading, speaking, and writing in the target language. The course presents modern Standard Chinese, Mandarin, as the spoken language and simplified characters as the written language.

(Full year - two semesters) Spanish I provides students with a strong foundation of the Spanish language and its cultural influences. From pronunciation to basic grammar and practical vocabulary, students gain a fundamental understanding of written and conversational Spanish. Students practice pronunciation sounds, greetings and introductions, questions, and present-tense verb conjugation.

(Full year - two semesters) Spanish II is the next course in the Spanish sequence, and this course introduces complex grammatical components, such as reflexive verbs and the present progressive, preterite, and imperfect tenses, along with idiomatic expressions unique to the Spanish language. Building on an ever-growing lexicon, students incorporate concepts to form questions, express preferences and possession, discuss the past, and describe and compare people, places, and locations.

(Full year - two semesters) In Spanish III, students acquire a more extensive topical vocabulary while gaining a higher understanding of complex grammatical structures, verb applications, and idiomatic expressions. This course allows students to increase their reading and listening comprehension as well as their fluency in speaking and writing in Spanish.

(Full year - two semesters) In Spanish III, students acquire a more extensive topical vocabulary while gaining a higher understanding of complex grammatical structures, verb applications, and idiomatic expressions. This course allows students to increase their reading and listening comprehension as well as their fluency in speaking and writing in Spanish.

Electives

(One semester) Throughout the Advertising course, students discover the various ways that advertisements touch their lives. This course presents a comprehensive introduction to the field of advertising, which includes its purpose and the theory behind it.

(One semester) In Business Applications, students focus on business software and the corresponding skills required in the business world. The course begins with an overview of computers, including hardware, software, and operating systems.

(One semester) Business Management guides students through examples of their roles as wage earners, consumers, and citizens as they explore the wide, exciting world of business. Students examine topics ranging from extensive credit use to the role of government in the U.S. economy.

(One semester) Career Explorations allows students to investigate the necessary steps to prepare for careers that match their interests, abilities, and aptitudes. Students research various careers, their roles in society, job duties, required education and qualifications, salary, and outlook.

(One semester) Exploring Cinema introduces students to film-making and cinematic productions. In this course, students explore the technology used to create a film and begin to build an aesthetic appreciation of films.

(One semester) Fashion Design is an advanced course for students interested in learning the intricate process of how the fashion system works. Students will study the fashion business in sequential order from concept to consumer. They will examine all of the processes involved in the industry from producing raw materials, apparel, and accessories to the retail stores that sell fashion merchandise to the public.

(One semester) In Greek and Roman Mythology, students explore myths from Greece and Rome. They examine the history of mythology and some of the key gods and goddesses. Students learn to connect the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome with the culture of today.

(One semester) In Introduction to Business, students explore their roles as wage earners, consumers, and citizens as they discover the wide, exciting world of business. In this introductory course, students investigate topics pertaining to investment strategies and business communications that are vital for success in today’s economy.

(One semester) In the Law course, students examine citizen obligations to law enforcement, the court system, and the rules and regulations that all Americans are expected to uphold. They explore the terminology and the regulations that structure and control society. Students study different types of crime and the law enforcement powers that are put in place to regulate and diminish overall crime.

(One semester) Throughout the Marketing course, students discover the various ways marketing affects their lives. This course introduces students to the study and implementation of market analysis, which focuses on identifying customer needs and desires and supplying them with those exact requests.

(One semester) Media Writing is designed for students who are interested in careers in broadcast journalism, communications, or media. In this course, students explore the basics of media writing in addition to careers in print, online, and broadcast media. Students investigate the numerous styles of writing for a number of applications, including newspapers, magazines, audio broadcasts, video broadcasts, and the Internet.

(One semester) In Pennsylvania History, students explore the geography, history, culture, and government of Pennsylvania. They examine Pennsylvania's role in the founding of the United States, the Civil War, and the Industrial Revolution, and they study the state’s significance in modern times.

(One semester) Poetry is a course for students who are interested in learning more about different types of poetry and writing their own poetry. In Poetry, students explore the elements of a poem, including theme, poetic devices, rhyme, meter, and word choice. Students evaluate different poetic structures and draft and create their own poems in these structures.

(One semester) Political Science is an introduction to political science as an academic discipline. Students discover the origin, creation, and function of different political systems within the United States and across the globe. Students explore political theories, such as systems theory and the social contract theory.

(One semester) Sports Medicine provides students with a basic knowledge of the history of sports medicine, the anatomy of the human body, and common injuries that occur in sports. In addition, the course discusses techniques used in sports medicine to train and strengthen the body, treatments for injury and disease, and proper nutrition for athletes.

(One semester) African American Literature is a survey course that spans the history of America as it relates to the lives of African Americans. Students explore the forcible transport of individuals from Africa to America, the publication of narratives of enslaved men and women, the abolition of slavery under President Lincoln, the civil rights movement, and the presidency of Barack Obama.

(One semester) In Communications, students explore various aspects of communication. They will investigate the foundations of communication by analyzing, applying, and designing creative works essential to the professional communications industry.

(One semester) Creative Writing is a course in which students discover, analyze, and apply the methods and styles used in various forms of fiction, creative nonfiction, drama, and poetry. It emphasizes experimentation and practice, and it encourages students to take cues from published writers and poets.

(One semester) In the Debate course, students learn crucial debate terminology, speech strategies, and persuasive techniques. Students investigate rhetoric and learn to consider multiple and divergent perspectives. Throughout this course, students develop the skills necessary to execute a well-versed and effectively supported argument.

(One semester) Students enrolled in English Grammar explore basic, intermediate, and advanced concepts of grammar, language, style, and composition. By analyzing word meaning and function, students will generate content using appropriate grammatical expressions.

(One semester) Introduction to College Writing prepares students to create freshman writing pieces as they move toward their post-secondary education. In this course, they learn the skills necessary to build a solid foundation for basic college writing as they focus on informative and persuasive writing. Students practice organization, tone, and style in their work to ensure that they are well-rounded and skilled writers.

Applied Mathematics covers the fundamental mathematics necessary for students to obtain a broad range of skills. Although problems in this course apply to a variety of topics from Algebra to Geometry, emphasis is given to real-world applications. Students write and solve linear equations to represent situations such as the value of a car or the distance that a plane travels during a trip.

In Business Mathematics, students discover a variety of basic mathematical concepts and tools for real-word mathematical application including algebraic equations, formulas, operations using fractions, decimals, and percentages.

In Consumer Mathematics, students learn mathematical concepts that they will use in their daily lives. They focus on real-world topics that require addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers, as well as fractions, decimals, ratios, proportions, and percentages.

(One semester) The 1960s America course gives students a look at life during this exciting and monumental decade. This course covers the social, political, and cultural movements and changes that occurred in the 1960s.

(One semester) African American History is a survey course that spans the history of America, including ancient African society and culture through the presidency of Barack Obama. Students examine the African American struggle to secure their constitutional rights.

(One semester) In Psychology, students explore the science of explaining and controlling human behavior. Psychology plays an integral part in everyday life because all decisions, relations, and emotions are closely tied to behavior and genetics. Within this course, students look at behavior, and they consider prominent psychologists who have made impressive and monumental discoveries through testing, research projects, and proving theories.

(One semester) In the Sociology course, students explore the various topics and sociological terminology necessary for understanding and exploring the field. Students investigate major sociological perspectives and the famous sociologists who invented and contributed to them.

(One semester) Short Stories exposes students to the basic characteristics, writing style, and literary elements of a story. From characters, point of view, and setting to techniques such as suspense and irony, students learn how short stories provide readers with the opportunity to experience different storylines in a precise and defined format.

(One semester) Written-communication skills and professional documentation are central to the Technical Writing course. This course enables students to analyze a variety of realworld documents and allows them to perfect their technical writing abilities. Students encounter numerous types of technical writing, including journal writing, email drafting, persuasive writing, memo creation, letter drafting, and marketing and advertising, allowing them to build upon their own technical writing skills and knowledge.

(One semester) World and Cultural Mythology is the perfect course for students looking for an interactive way to learn about mythology and myths from around the world. The course focuses on different dynamics of myths and analyzes aspects of myths found in different cultures.

(One semester) In World Literature, students explore a wide variety of literary styles, artists, and mediums from cultures and societies around the globe. Students analyze different forms of writing, including fiction and nonfiction, and they evaluate how authors from different areas, religious backgrounds, genders, and cultures use the written word to express thoughts and opinions and tell poignant stories.

(Full year - two semesters) The Introduction to Computer Programming course, a course for middle school students, provides a foundation for future programming courses. Students gain a broad overview of computer programming by exploring the logic, thought processes, and basic elements of writing code. As part of this exploration, students examine various programming languages, databases, and the Internet.

(One semester) Introduction to Engineering provides students with an overview of the field of engineering and the primary processes and procedures used by engineers. Students explore engineering careers and their impacts on society, and they learn how mathematics and science are used in the field of engineering. They examine different engineering disciplines, the engineering design process, and various engineering styles and methods used in the field.

^ Semester Course and .5 credit
q .25 credit
* Credit Recovery
h Honors
# Credit By Exam

Click here for the previous course catalog.

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